an orthopedic surgeon, a medical specialist who focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of injuries, disorders, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. This includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Orthopedic surgeons often perform surgeries such as joint replacements, arthroscopic procedures, spinal surgeries, and fracture repairs. They work closely with patients to improve mobility, relieve pain, and restore function to the affected areas.

The spine, also known as the vertebral column or spinal column, is a complex structure composed of bones (vertebrae), discs, ligaments, and muscles that extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis. It serves several crucial functions in the human body, including providing structural support, protecting the spinal cord, allowing for movement and flexibility, and facilitating weight-bearing and posture control.

Fracture surgeries are procedures performed to stabilize and repair broken bones (fractures). The specific type of surgery required depends on factors such as the location and severity of the fracture, as well as the patient's overall health and activity level.